The Black Press: Soldiers Without Swords

00:00:25 We didn't exist in the other papers.

00:04:05 Public expression was one of the few weapons that Blacks had.

00:08:16 speeches."

00:11:53 York on her first trip north, her paper,

00:15:29 patriotism enough to live up to their own constitution.

00:19:38 Charlotta Bass was born during Reconstruction in the

00:23:40 California, Robert S Abbott left the South for Chicago.

00:26:44 By 1920, The Defender's circulation soared to over

00:30:45 grievous error was made somewhere.

00:33:57 they could live their lives as to the fullest.

00:37:43 these porters would step out between cars or the back of the

00:41:51 as they had anticipated.

00:45:56 And we did all these things because they didn't have any

00:49:29 was an introduction to the Black past that was full of surprises.

00:52:57 'cause he had a way with the women.

00:56:04 He was a hard man to reason with,

00:59:56 cheerleaders.

01:03:12 that was expressed in government documents,

01:06:24 How could you go somewhere and fight for democracy when you

01:09:31 And we aren't going to stop, because that's what it's all

01:13:01 meaning "No service" -- I soon found out --

01:17:08 but at the age of 71, Bass embarked on a new career.

01:21:08 advertising also had an effect on the paper's editorial policy.

01:24:52 It had an effect on everybody.